Magnetic Eruption from a Three-ribbon Flare

Authors: Mia Mancuso (NJIT), Ju Jing (NJIT), Jeongwoo Lee (NJIT), Qin Li (NJIT), Nian Liu (NJIT), Yan Xu (NJIT), Haimin Wang (NJIT)

We present observations and analysis of an eruptive M1.5 flare (SOL2014-08-01T18:13) in NOAA active region (AR) 12127, characterized by three flare ribbons, a confined filament between ribbons, and rotating sunspot motions as observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The potential field extrapolation model shows a magnetic topology involving two intersecting quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs) forming a hyperbolic flux tube (HFT), which constitutes the fishbone structure for the three-ribbon flare. Two of the three ribbons show separation from each other, and the third ribbon is rather stationary at the QSL footpoints. The nonlinear force-free (NLFF) field extrapolation model implies the presence of a magnetic flux rope (MFR) structure between the two separating ribbons suggesting the standard reconnection scenario for eruptive flares applies to two ribbons, and QSL reconnection applies to the third ribbon. We find rotational flows around the sunspot, which may have caused the eruption by weakening the downward magnetic tension of the MFR. The confined filament is located in the region of relatively strong strapping field. The HFT topology and the accumulation of reconnected magnetic flux in the HFT may play a role in preventing eruption. This eruption scenario differs from the one typically known for circular ribbon flares, which is mainly driven by a successful inside-out eruption of filaments. Our results demonstrate the diversity of solar magnetic eruption paths that arises from the complexity of the magnetic configuration.