A World-Wide Interplanetary Scintillation Stations (WIPSS) Analysis for use with Thomson Scattering Brightness

Authors: Bernard JACKSON (A&A, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States), Kazumasa IWAI (ISEE, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan), Ken’ichi FUJIKI (ISEE, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan), Mario BISI (UKRI-STFC, RAL Space, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom), Richard FALLOWS (UKRI-STFC, RAL Space, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom)

Remotely-sensed interplanetary scintillation (IPS) data from the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Japan, for many years has allowed a global determination of solar wind velocities and densities throughout the inner heliosphere. We now combine these analyses with heliospheric Thomson scattering data sets to give far higher resolutions of heliospheric densities and velocities in our iterative time–dependent three-dimensional (3-D) reconstructions.  We show here the three-dimensional (3-D) time-dependent analysis technique developed for these data sets using ISEE data and other members of the Worldwide IPS Stations (WIPSS) Network. Other sites that have joined in the past have included the European Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) headquartered in the Netherlands. The use of different radio sites enable far more observations to be obtained and the ability to provide them from different longitudes around the world to give the best temporal coverage. These analyses are almost the only way found so far to provide global solar wind velocities, and they can now be combined with heliospheric imagery to give extremely high-resolution time-dependent 3-D density reconstructions of mesoscale size. Initiated originally for use with the Air Force – NASA funded Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) spacecraft, velocities have currently been incorporated with both STEREO A HI data sets as well as the Parker Solar Probe WISPR data sets. These are best analyzed in a new type 3-D iterative reconstruction system that bases the line of sight segment resolution on the resolution of the spherical coordinate system. This gives the best analysis near and far from the Sun over solar latitude and longitude in the same programming sequence for both IPS and Thomson-scattering remote sensing processes. Here we show recent examples of these analyses from several events of interest.