Relation between Two-Ribbon Topology and Flare Eruptivity

Authors: Tamima Saba (Georgia State University), Viacheslav Sadykov (Georgia State University), Piet Martens (Georgia State University)

Understanding the nature of a flare in terms of its effects on space weather is crucial. A flare can be eruptive or confined depending on whether it accompanies a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME). Flare ribbons, phenomena occurring at the footpoints of flares in the chromosphere, can be connected to whether a flare event is eruptive. Based on the Standard Flare Model, it has been long argued that any two-ribbon flare would be eruptive. A sample of fifty M and X class flare events that occurred during 2010 May through 2016 April has been selected for the preliminary study. Classified as “eruptive” or “confined” adopted from Toriumi 2017, these flares have been mapped using data from Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) of the 1600 Å channel. The visualized data were used to determine the relationship between two-ribbon flares and their eruptivity. Around 52-62% of the sample of fifty flares were found to have two-ribbon topology and among these, 67.7-80% were eruptive. This number is larger than the eruptivity calculated for the catalog which is 64%. Thus, it can be concluded that a two-ribbon flare in the selected sample is slightly more likely to be eruptive. We extend the study to a bigger sample of C, M, and X class flares to draw a stronger conclusion on the relationship between two-ribbon flares and their eruptivity.