Multi-spacecraft Observation of the 29 September 2024 Nose Event

Authors: G Berland (APL), E C Roelof (APL), A Kouloumvakos (APL), M E Hill (APL), D G Mitchell (APL), R L McNutt, Jr (APL), Glenn Mason (APL)

We present a multi-spacecraft observation of an inverse velocity arrival (IVA) or “nose” event on 2024 September 29. This solar energetic particle (SEP) event was observed by Parker Solar Probe (PSP), located near perihelion at 17.4 solar radii; the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO-A), the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), and the JUpiter ICy Moons Explorer (JUICE), located at ~1 AU; and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) located at 1.5 AU. The measurements were consistent with the same release time, perhaps consistent with a delay in the acceleration and escape from a coronal mass ejection (CME). We derive a particle release time that is sufficiently above the solar coronal at ~2 solar radii, ruling out the possibility of prompt, flare particle acceleration. Further, the longitudinal span of the release, field-aligned pitch angle distributions, and arrival times are consistent with scatter-free transport of the SEPs, which characterize these newly discovered IVA events.