The Structure and Dynamics of the Forming Heliospheric Current Sheet

Authors: Lizet S. Casillas (UCLA), Marco Velli (UCLA)

The heliospheric current sheet (HCS) is the boundary between open magnetic field lines of opposite polarity in the solar wind that are also  rooted at the sun in regions of opposite polarity. The HCS is often described to be a flat, disk-like sheet that is 10,000 Km thick at 1 AU, warped by the combined effects of the inclination of the magnetic equator on the sun, solar rotation and solar wind expansion. It is usually assumed that the current sheet is unique and somehow continuous, however, this depends, perhaps, on their being a magnetic dipole component dominating the solar surface field. In the presence of a pure quadrupole, one would expect, for example, two separate conical current sheets. Is this configuration singular and never occurring for the sun? How the current sheet forms depends on the energetics of the opening of closed loops by the expanding solar wind in the corona. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission collects magnetic field data as it crosses the HCS intermittently on its orbit closer to the sun. While PSP crosses through the HCS, the Wide-field Imager for Solar Probe (WISPR) captures high-resolution images. Through each PSP encounter, observations have introduced numerous interpretations of the structure of the HSC. We will explore the structure and evolution of the HCS using PSP in-situ magnetic data to catalog HCS crossings, and WISPR images to visualize its structure and how it evolves.